See dʰéǵʰōm on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dzō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō < *dʰgʰōm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*déǵm̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋼𒂊𒃷",
"3": "𒁖𒈾𒀸",
"pos2": "gen.",
"tr": "te-e-kán",
"tr2": "ták-na-aš",
"ts": "tēkan",
"ts2": "taknas"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Luwian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "tiyammiš"
},
"expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𔓤",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "takam"
},
"expansion": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔓤 (/takam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔓤 (/takam/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցամաք",
"gloss": "dry; dry land"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʻamakʻ, “dry; dry land”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʻamakʻ, “dry; dry land”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*źémē",
"3": "*źémijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "accusative"
},
"expansion": "(accusative)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā < (accusative) *ǵʰem-m̥ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*zemľa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa < *ǵʰðʰem-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gdū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū < *gdō, *gdon- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kʰtʰṓn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χθών",
"3": "χαμαί",
"4": "χῶμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ʰžʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs < *dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ḍẓʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षम्",
"3": "क्षास्",
"4": "ज्मः",
"pos2": "nom. sg",
"pos3": "abl./gen. sg",
"tr": "kṣám",
"tr2": "kṣā́s",
"tr3": "jmáḥ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षास् (kṣā́s, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, abl./gen. sg)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षास् (kṣā́s, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, abl./gen. sg) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣá"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ग्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "gmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मन्",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmán"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*jáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*tken"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken\nTocharian A: tkaṃ\nTocharian B: keṃ",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken\nTocharian A: tkaṃ\nTocharian B: keṃ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "*dʰeǵʰ->?",
"4": "*-ōm>?",
"id": "earth"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeǵʰ-",
"3": "*-ōm"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm. However, Kloekhorst argues that the Sanskrit and Anatolian evidence point towards a reconstruction of the root *dʰeǵ- as opposed to *dʰeǵʰ- on the basis that:\n* In the Sanskrit oblique stem jm-, the consonant -j- must reflect *ǵ- and cannot reflect *ǵʰ-, which would regularly give -h- in all positions.\n* The long vowel in the Hittite nominative singular [tēkan] suggests a \"voiced unaspirated\" (pre-glottalised) velar.\n* The *ǵʰ- reconstructable from Latin, Germanic and Greek can be explained in the glottalic theory as a simplification of the cluster *dʰǵ /dˀɡ/ to *dʰǵʰ /dɡ/. The opposite development is much less likely.\nIt should be noted, however, that the glottalic theory is not generally accepted.\nA phonetically difficult but possible connection is with *(s)teǵ- (“to cover”), with devoicing of *dʰ to *t via Siebs' law.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰém",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰémi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰéǵʰōm f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dʰéǵʰom",
"2": "ǵʰm̥",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"loc_sg": "ǵʰém",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰéǵʰōm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms prefixed with *dʰeǵʰ-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ōm",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *homos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humus"
},
{
"roman": "khthamalós",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "χθαμαλός"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humilis"
},
{
"roman": "zemelōs",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰem-elo-",
"word": "ζεμελως"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰom-yos",
"word": "gdonyos"
},
{
"english": "snake",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źmijā́ˀ",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "zmьja"
},
{
"english": "earthling, human",
"word": "(dʰ)ǵʰ(m̥)m-ṓ"
},
{
"roman": "zəmar",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Iranian"
],
"word": "𐬰𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬭"
},
{
"roman": "jā́marya",
"sense": "Sanskrit: *जमर् (*jámar)",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: जामर्य"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earth"
],
"id": "en-dʰéǵʰōm-ine-pro-noun-e3S0GKNS",
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*h₁er-"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Siebs' law"
]
}
],
"word": "dʰéǵʰōm"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *homos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humus"
},
{
"roman": "khthamalós",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "χθαμαλός"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humilis"
},
{
"roman": "zemelōs",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰem-elo-",
"word": "ζεμελως"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰom-yos",
"word": "gdonyos"
},
{
"english": "snake",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źmijā́ˀ",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"word": "zmьja"
},
{
"english": "earthling, human",
"word": "(dʰ)ǵʰ(m̥)m-ṓ"
},
{
"roman": "jā́marya",
"sense": "Sanskrit: *जमर् (*jámar)",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: जामर्य"
},
{
"roman": "zəmar",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Iranian"
],
"word": "𐬰𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬭"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dzō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō < *dʰgʰōm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*déǵm̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋼𒂊𒃷",
"3": "𒁖𒈾𒀸",
"pos2": "gen.",
"tr": "te-e-kán",
"tr2": "ták-na-aš",
"ts": "tēkan",
"ts2": "taknas"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Luwian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "tiyammiš"
},
"expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𔓤",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "takam"
},
"expansion": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔓤 (/takam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anatolian hieroglyphic script: 𔓤 (/takam/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցամաք",
"gloss": "dry; dry land"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʻamakʻ, “dry; dry land”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʻamakʻ, “dry; dry land”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*źémē",
"3": "*źémijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "accusative"
},
"expansion": "(accusative)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā < (accusative) *ǵʰem-m̥ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*zemľa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa < *ǵʰðʰem-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gdū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū < *gdō, *gdon- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kʰtʰṓn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χθών",
"3": "χαμαί",
"4": "χῶμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ʰžʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs < *dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ḍẓʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षम्",
"3": "क्षास्",
"4": "ज्मः",
"pos2": "nom. sg",
"pos3": "abl./gen. sg",
"tr": "kṣám",
"tr2": "kṣā́s",
"tr3": "jmáḥ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षास् (kṣā́s, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, abl./gen. sg)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षास् (kṣā́s, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, abl./gen. sg) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣá"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ग्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "gmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मन्",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmán"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*jáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*tken"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken\nTocharian A: tkaṃ\nTocharian B: keṃ",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken\nTocharian A: tkaṃ\nTocharian B: keṃ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "af",
"3": "*dʰeǵʰ->?",
"4": "*-ōm>?",
"id": "earth"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeǵʰ-",
"3": "*-ōm"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm. However, Kloekhorst argues that the Sanskrit and Anatolian evidence point towards a reconstruction of the root *dʰeǵ- as opposed to *dʰeǵʰ- on the basis that:\n* In the Sanskrit oblique stem jm-, the consonant -j- must reflect *ǵ- and cannot reflect *ǵʰ-, which would regularly give -h- in all positions.\n* The long vowel in the Hittite nominative singular [tēkan] suggests a \"voiced unaspirated\" (pre-glottalised) velar.\n* The *ǵʰ- reconstructable from Latin, Germanic and Greek can be explained in the glottalic theory as a simplification of the cluster *dʰǵ /dˀɡ/ to *dʰǵʰ /dɡ/. The opposite development is much less likely.\nIt should be noted, however, that the glottalic theory is not generally accepted.\nA phonetically difficult but possible connection is with *(s)teǵ- (“to cover”), with devoicing of *dʰ to *t via Siebs' law.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰém",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰémi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰéǵʰōm f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dʰéǵʰom",
"2": "ǵʰm̥",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"loc_sg": "ǵʰém",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰéǵʰōm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic m-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms prefixed with *dʰeǵʰ-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ōm",
"ine-pro:Earth"
],
"glosses": [
"earth"
],
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*h₁er-"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Siebs' law"
]
}
],
"word": "dʰéǵʰōm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dʰéǵʰōm meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.